Diet for gastritis accelerates the recovery of the gastric mucosa. With its help, the effectiveness of treatment also increases, relapse of inflammatory processes in the organ and complications of the disease are prevented. What diet is necessary for gastritis in the stomach?
Since the pathology can be acute, chronic, multistage, and patients have different levels of acidity, therapeutic nutrition is also different.
Basic rules for food consumption
For gastritis, the diet can be strict, gentle and preventive (every day during remission). The type of nutrition is chosen according to the established form and stage of the disease as well as associated pathologies (diabetes, heart attack, obesity and so on). Treatment tables for gastritis and other diseases were developed back in 1929. Today, in connection with new research results, the dietary system has been slightly supplemented, and some products have been excluded because their production does not comply with GOST standards.
What therapeutic nutrition is used for gastritis:
- Table No. 1. Prescribed for gastritis with normal and high acidity in the attenuation phase and in case of acute gastritis - in the recovery phase. Also used for ulcers in the stomach and duodenum.
- Table No. 1-a. Used for acute gastritis or a sharp exacerbation of chronic gastritis. Also used for wounds and burns in the esophagus.
- Table no. 1-b. Prescribed for gastritis and ulcers in the period of weakening of the process.
- Table No. 2. Used for chronic and acute forms of gastritis with low acidity, after the exacerbation is eliminated. It is also used for intestinal pathologies.
- Table No. 5. Prescribed in the recovery stage of acute gastritis accompanied by cholecystitis. This diet is also used for liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis.
- Optimal food option (ATS). A balanced diet for gastritis sufferers is created on the basis of tablesNo. 1─1-вand used in everyday life to prevent relapse.
If there are concomitant pathologies, it is recommended to choose food for the diet with the help of a doctor. He will cook the foodon the tables, which is based on a diet for gastritis, but with adjustments for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, other internal organs, metabolic disorders and endocrine system disorders.
Rules for eating food for gastritis
Correct nutrition for gastritis in the stomach consists in observing such principles as food processing technology, condition, frequency, selection of products and calorie content, control of food temperature, duration of use. They must be followed not only during the treatment, but also at home to avoid re-inflammation of the stomach lining.
Food processing technology
For any type of disease such as gastritis, the diet should includecooked,passivated,steam,baked in foilorthe sleeve of the dish. During exacerbation of gastritis, food (all food) should be pureed until pureed. It is forbidden to fry the food until it is crispy.
If you have gastritis, you should not use breadcrumbs or flour before frying. During the cooking process, they form a rough crust on the food, which, if it enters the gastrointestinal tract, is poorly digested and can increase inflammation and pain.
Mode and frequency
How to eat with gastritis in the stomach? In case of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract and other digestive organs, partial meals should be prescribed so as not to burden the stomach with a large amount of food. Therefore, the entire daily ration is divided into5─6 times: 2 breakfasts (morning, lunch), lunch, dinner, snacks (afternoon snack, before bed).
The diet for gastritis involves the consumption of high-quality, properly prepared food at a certain time of the day. A person must eat small portions according to a set schedule. This enables the stomach to work in a gentle way and the body can receive all the necessary substances in a timely manner.
Selection of products and calories for gastritis
The energy value of treatment tables is designed for patients in a hospital or sanatorium. Therefore, in everyday life, when a person needs to work and move a lot, he must adjust the calorie content of the food according to his physical needs. The table below shows the types of products on which the diet for gastritis in the stomach is based on what you can eat and what you cannot eat.
| Power type | What food can you eat | What foods should you not eat? |
|---|---|---|
| Flour | Premium and 1st class white bread (dried), tasty baked pies with fillings (fish, fruit, cottage cheese, jam, rice and eggs). | Fresh bread of all types, rich, seasoned or flaky cakes, pancakes, any product made from rye flour, breadcrumbs. |
| Cereal | Semolina, rice, buckwheat, oatmeal. | You cannot make side dishes or soups from pearl barley, legumes, millet, corn, barley, durum wheat pasta. |
| Meat | Boiled, baked or steamed lean fillet of rabbit, beef, veal, young lamb, as well as chicken, hen, turkey (poultry is prepared without the skin), liver and tongue. Cutlets, meatballs, pates, meatballs and souffles are made from diet meat. | Stew, fried meat dishes, pork, as well as fatty, stringy or sinewy poultry, lamb, beef. |
| Fish | Skinless boiled or steamed low-fat fish. | Canned food, herring, smoked, fried and fatty fish, caviar. |
| Milk and dairy products | Acidophilus, acidophilus milk (purchased or homemade with sourdough), cottage cheese, kefir, cream, sour cream, fermented baked milk, yogurt. Products should not be greasy or sour in taste. Cheese pancakes, lazy dumplings, stew and pudding are prepared from fermented milk products. | Hard cheeses with added spices, herbs, feta cheese, sour-tasting dairy products. |
| Egg | Chicken and quail eggs soft boiled. | Fried or hard-boiled eggs. |
| Fats | Refined vegetable oils, unsalted butter or ghee. | Unrefined vegetable oils, pork, chicken fat, margarine, lard. |
| Vegetables | Green peas, boiled, stewed and baked potatoes, cauliflower, beetroot, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini. You can eat non-acidic tomatoes (yellow and pink) as well as baked vegetable cutlets. | All pickled, pickled, canned, salted vegetables. Fresh cucumbers, onions, turnips, radishes, horseradish, sorrel, radish, garlic. Exclude white or red cabbage, spinach and fried potatoes and mushrooms from the menu. |
| Fruits | Grated non-acidic fruits (bananas, pears), sultanas, heat-treated apples, sweet jellies, mousses and jellies. A little berry puree with sugar (blackcurrants, strawberries, blueberries). | Sour tasting, unripe and unheated berries, fruits, fruits. You cannot eat pomegranate, citrus fruits, dates, grapes. |
| First meal | Pureed soup (with pureed ingredients): vegetables, milk, grains, meat in another broth. | Mushroom soups, okroshka, rich borscht, rassolnik, kharcho, cabbage soup. Dishes prepared in concentrated vegetable, meat and fish broth. |
| Decoration | Porridge is cooked in water or milk. It is allowed to eat fried cutlets, vermicelli, small shells, soufflé and puddings. | Accessories from grains, pasta and vegetables that are not recommended for consumption. |
| Snacks | Vegetable and fruit salads, grated mild and unsalted cheese. | Lard, smoked meat, sausage, cooked pork, canned and canned snacks, pickled dishes. |
| Sauces | Milk, sour cream filling and sauces. | Mustard sauces, adjika, mayonnaise, vinegar. |
| Juice and decoction | Sweet, non-concentrated (diluted) fresh juice from non-acidic berries, fruits, fruits, as well as a decoction of wheat bran, rose hips and herbal infusions. | Acidic types of juice, decoction. |
| Sweets | Marshmallow without acidity, marshmallow, honey, Uzbek navat, buttercream, white marshmallow. | Ice cream, halva, chocolate products, pastry creams, cakes, muffins. |
| Beverages | Non-concentrated black, green tea and coffee with added milk, cream, milkshakes, jelly, cocoa. Mineral, medical and table water without gas. | Beer, alcoholic and low-alcohol drinks, all carbonated sweet or mineral water, concentrated cocoa, strong coffee and tea without added milk or cream. |
Food temperature control
Food for gastritis of all types should not be very hot or cold. For proper functioning of the stomach is the optimal food temperature36─37 °C,and acceptable – from15°C to 60°C.Cold food is worse removed from the organ, also burdens the antrum and causes a feeling of heaviness, and too hot food burns the inflamed mucosa, so ulcers can appear on it.
Duration of use of therapeutic nutrition
How long does a diet for gastritis last? This directly depends on the type of pathology, the degree of damage to the membrane and the speed of recovery. Therefore, the duration of the diet is determined by the doctor. Usually a strict diet lasts 5-7 days, a gentle diet lasts up to 21 days. The use of therapeutic nutrition for the purpose of prevention can last up to 2-4 months. If the patient is diagnosed with an atrophic type of stomach disease, then it is likely that he will have to follow the diet for life.
Diet therapy for high acidity and gastritis
Diet food for gastritis and heartburn is selected based on those products that do not cause an increase in secretory secretions, but help relieve inflammation and heal the mucous membrane.
If you have high acidity, it is advisable to drink freshly squeezed potato juice every month for 7 days. It is taken 125 ml on an empty stomach before the first breakfast, and then eaten 60 minutes later.
What to eat for gastritis in the stomach with acidity above normal:
- cooked dietary meat (chicken, rabbit, beef);
- lean steamed fish fillet;
- vegetable puree with added butter (ghee, butter);
- steamed protein omelets, poached eggs;
- milk, fermented baked milk, cream;
- baked sweet fruits;
- milk jelly, jelly;
- biscuit.
Among cereals, it is advisable to consume more buckwheat, and among dairy products, it is better to choose products made from goat's milk. All these dishes delay the secretion and prevent heartburn.
Nutrition for gastric insufficiency and gastritis
A diet for gastritis in the stomach with acidity below normal should contain bitters, which stimulate the formation of juice and cause appetite. But during relapses, you should not eat a lot of high-fiber vegetables and fruits.
What diet to follow for gastritis with low acidity:
- it is allowed to consume several meat and fish dishes, broth;
- you can eat soaked herring, fried or baked chops, vegetables;
- Finely chopped greens and lightly salted cucumbers are added to the food;
- drink vegetable and multi-fruit juice, herbal stomach tea;
- diluted, boiled milk (only drink whole milk if it is well tolerated).
Gastric secretion improves if food intake begins with salads. During an exacerbation, it is advisable to drink heated white cabbage juice. Drink 125 ml three times a day 60 minutes before eating.
Diet for acute development of gastritis
The list of foods that are eaten for gastritis in the stomach during the period of an intensively progressing disease comes down to boiled liquid puree and low-calorie food. As the tissues heal, shredded heat-treated vegetables, minced meat and gruel are gradually added to the menu. When this can be done, the treating doctor will tell you. During exacerbations of chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane, the nutritional principle is the same.
A strict diet for gastritis with acute symptoms occurs in phases:
- Initially, complete daily fasting is indicated. You can drink warm boiled water (1 tablespoon every 5-15 minutes until your thirst is quenched).
- After 24 hours, a strict diet for patients with gastritis is supplemented with oatmeal (mucus) soup, herbal tea (stomach infusions), rose hip decoction and non-concentrated chicken broth.
- On day 3, milk grits and/or grated rice porridge, jelly, sweet compote and low-fat milk are added to the menu.
- After eliminating the pain syndrome and other acute symptoms of the pathology, white crackers, steamed fish, omelettes and meatballs are added to the diet for gastritis.
As the inflammation subsides, grated food is included in the menu, and then the patient is transferred to a gentle diet. Normally, Table No. 1-b is assigned first and then No. 1.
Nutrition in the attenuation phase of gastritis
A gentle diet for gastritis is prescribed in the case of a mild course of the pathology, as well as after the removal of acute symptoms. The menu should consist only of properly prepared, easily digestible dishes, but there should be a complete diet.
How to eat properly with gastritis every day during a gentle diet:
- energy value of food - 2200-2900 kcal;
- salt - 6 g;
- animal and vegetable fats - from 75 to 100 g;
- proteins - 85-100 g;
- carbohydrates - 250-400 g;
- free liquid - 1-1. 5 l.
You cannot break your diet or give up soups. A gentle diet for gastritis in the stomach does not contain products that mechanically strain the organ or irritate the mucous membrane (raw food, uncut meat, raw berries, etc. ).
An approximate daily diet for chronic gastritis in the acute phase or acute gastritis after the attack is relieved:
- First breakfast: pureed oatmeal with water, yogurt.
- Lunch(11: 00─ 11: 30): baked apples with cottage cheese, weak sweet tea diluted with milk.
- Dinner: potato and carrot puree soup, buckwheat porridge, meatballs, bread with rabbit meat pate, compote.
- Snack: milk jelly, pureed sweet cottage cheese.
- Dinner: semolina porridge with butter, herbal tea.
- Half an hour before bedtime: 250 ml yoghurt or coagulated milk.
Of all the foods eaten for gastritis in the stomach, fried foods, spicy dishes and chopped chops are excluded during the period of gentle nutrition. Salt intake is also limited.
Recipes and sample menu for a week for gastritis
The therapeutic diet for gastritis consists of soups, cereals, noodles, which are supplemented with other boiled, steamed or stewed dishes. Lean meat, vegetables and lean fish are suitable for their preparation. During the day, snacks for gastritis are made mainly ofdry crackers,sandwich with pate,grated cheesetea,compotes,jelly. At night, it is advisable to consume fermented milk products and milk.
Quick recipes that include a diet for the stomach for gastritis:
- Slimy soup. Ingredients: 40 g washed rice, 200 g chicken broth, 400 g water. Preparation: Boil the grains in water on low heat for 60 minutes, strain, puree the rice, mix all the ingredients, salt and boil again. Served with butter.
- Beef meatballs. Take 200 g of meat, 10 g of butter, 10 g of softened crust, a little salt and milk per portion. Preparation: Mince the beef and bun twice, add the rest of the ingredients, shape into meatballs and steam.
- Milk jelly. Take 150 g milk, 25 g sugar, 30 g starch (diluted with water) per portion. Preparation: Add the remaining ingredients to the boiled milk, stir and remove from the heat. 100 g unconcentrated berry juice is served separately with the cooled jelly.
The table below shows what you can eat if you have gastritis. This is an approximate menu for a week during the period of weakening of the disease.
| Watch | Sample menu by day of the week | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| you | VT | MR | dry | PT | SB | Sun | |
| 8: 00 | Milk-rice porridge, herbal tea. | 2 poached eggs and oatmeal, jelly. | Noodle soup with milk, cutlets, tea. | Buckwheat porridge with boiled meat, compote. | Rice, jelly tongue, jelly. | Milk porridge with oatmeal, tea. | Mashed potatoes, vegetable chops, jelly. |
| 10: 00 lunch | Curd dessert with berry puree, sour cream, 250 ml jelly. | Applesauce with honey, compote. | Rice soufflé, tea. | Stewed carrots, tea. | Curd dessert, tea. | Fruit salad, compote. | Cottage cheese, fermented baked milk. |
| 12: 00 lunch | Vegetable mash soup, steam cutlet, buckwheat root. | Soup with fish fillet, rice porridge, milk mousse. | Chicken breast soup, stuffed peppers, tea. | Vegetable soup with meat, stew, compote. | Buckwheat soup, mashed potatoes, cutlet, compote. | Pumpkin puree soup, baked meat with carrots, tea. | Fish soup, buckwheat with salad, compote. |
| 14: 00 | 250 ml rose hip decoction, navat. | Cheese casserole, compote. | Marshmallows, apple compote. | Lazy dumplings, acidophilus milk. | Cheesecakes with tea. | Pot, tea. | Krupenik, herbal tea. |
| 4: 00 p. m | Apple pie, milk tea. | Galette cookies with herbal tea. | Curd pudding, milk. | Cottage cheese, fermented baked milk. | Milk soufflé with tea. | 250 ml kefir | Acidophilus, pudding, tea. |
| 18. 00 dinner | Steamed fish, baked potatoes. | Noodles with cottage cheese, compote. | Semolina with milk, tea. | Boiled potatoes with vegetable salad, tea. | Rice with apples, compote. | Boiled fish, potatoes, tea. | Stewed vegetables with meat, compote. |
| 20. 00 before bedtime | 250 ml yogurt | 250 ml of milk | 250 ml ryazhenka | 250 ml milkshake | 250 ml kefir | 250 ml acidophilus milk | 250 ml milk jelly |
Bottom line
Which diet will be correct for gastritis and accompanying pathologies will be advised by your attending physician. If inflammation of the gastric mucosa is not complicated by other diseases, the daily menu is based on tablesNo. 1, 2. When choosing dishes, you must also remember how to eat with gastritis in the stomach at each stage of the disease.